ASTM D4253-2000(2006) 使用振动台测定土壤最大标准密度和单位重量的标准试验方法

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【英文标准名称】:StandardTestMethodsforMaximumIndexDensityandUnitWeightofSoilsUsingaVibratoryTable
【原文标准名称】:使用振动台测定土壤最大标准密度和单位重量的标准试验方法
【标准号】:ASTMD4253-2000(2006)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:
【发布日期】:2000
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D18.03
【标准类型】:(TestMethod)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:施工材料;试验;土壤
【英文主题词】:maximumindexdensity;maximumindexunitweight;relativedensity;vibratingtable
【摘要】:1.1Thesetestmethodscoverthedeterminationofthemaximum-indexdrydensity/unitweightofcohesionless,free-drainingsoilsusingaverticallyvibratingtable.Theadjective"drybeforedensityorunitweightisomittedinthetitleandremainingportionsofthisstandardtobeconsistentwiththeapplicabledefinitiongiveninSection3onTerminology.1.2SystemsofUnits1.2.1Thetestingapparatusdescribedinthisstandardhasbeendevelopedandmanufacturedusingvaluesinthegravimetricorinch-poundsystem.Therefore,testapparatusdimensionsandmassgivenininch-poundunitsareregardedasthestandard.1.2.2Itiscommonpracticeintheengineeringprofessiontoconcurrentlyusepoundstorepresentbothaunitofmass(lbm)andaunitofforce(lbf).Thisimplicitlycombinestwoseparatesystemsofunits;thatis,theabsolutesystemandthegravitationalsystem.Itisscientificallyundesirabletocombinetheuseoftwoseparatesetsofinch-poundunitswithinasinglestandard.Thisstandardhasbeenwrittenusingthegravitationalsystemofunitswhendealingwiththeinch-poundsystem.Inthissystem,thepound(lbf)representsaunitofforce(weight).However,balancesorscalesmeasuremass;andweightmustbecalculated.Intheinch-poundsystem,itiscommontoassumethat1lbfisequalto1lbm.Whilereportingdensityisnotregardedasnonconformancewiththisstandard,unitweightsshouldbecalculatedandreportedsincetheresultsmaybeusedtodetermineforceorstress.1.2.3Thetermsdensityandunitweightareoftenusedinterchangeably.Densityismassperunitvolumewhereasunitweightisforceperunitvolume.InthisstandarddensityisgivenonlyinSIunits.Afterthedensityhasbeendetermined,theunitweightiscalculatedinSIorinch-poundunits,orboth.1.3Fouralternativemethodsareprovidedtodeterminethemaximumindexdensity/unitweight,asfollows:1.3.1Method1AUsingoven-driedsoilandanelectromagnetic,verticallyvibratingtable.1.3.2Method1BUsingwetsoilandanelectromagnetic,verticallyvibratingtable.1.3.3Method2AUsingoven-driedsoilandaneccentricorcam-driven,verticallyvibratingtable.1.3.4Method2BUsingwetsoilandaneccentricorcam-drivenverticallyvibratingtable.1.4Themethodtobeusedshouldbespecifiedbytheindividualassigningthetest.1.4.1Thetypeoftabletobeused(Method1or2)islikelytobedecidedbaseduponavailableequipment.Note1Thereisevidencetoshowthatelectromagnetictablesyieldslightlyhighervaluesofmaximumindexdensity/unitweightthantheeccentricorcam-driventables.1.4.2Itisrecommendedthatboththedryandwetmethods(Methods1Aand1Bor2Aand2B)beperformedwhenbeginninganewjoborencounteringachangeinsoiltypes,asthewetmethodcanyieldsignificantlyhighervaluesofmaximumindexdensity/unitweightforsomesoils.Suchahighermaximumindexdensity,whenconsideredalongwiththeminimumindexdensity/unitweight,TestMethodsD4254,willbefoundtosignificantlyaffectthevalueoftherelativedensity()calculatedforasoilencounteredinthefield.Whilethedrymethodisoftenpreferredbecauseresultscanusuallybeobtainedmorequickly,asageneralrulethewetmethodshouldbeusedifitisestablishedthatitproducesmaximumindexdensities/unitweightsthatwouldsignificantlyaffecttheuse/applicationofthevalueofrelativedensity.1.5Thesetestmethodsareapplicabletosoilsthatmaycontainupto15%,bydrymass,ofsoilparticlespassingaNo.200(75-m)sieve,providedtheystillhavecohesionless,free-drainingcharacteristics(nominalsievedimensionsareinaccordancewithSpecificationE11).Further,thesetestmethodsareapplicabletosoilsinwhich100%,bydrymass,ofsoilparticlespassa3-in.(75-mm)sieve.1.5.1Soil......
【中国标准分类号】:P13
【国际标准分类号】:93_020
【页数】:15P.;A4
【正文语种】: